Intermittent fasting, time-restricted eating and the evidence to date Intermittent fasting (IF) and time-restricted eating (TRE) remain hot topics. Meta-analyses suggest TRE typically produces weight loss comparable to continuous calorie restriction, with potential metabolic benefits (improved insulin sensitivity, fasting glucose) in the short term. Mechanistic studies suggest benefits come from improved circadian alignment, reduced late-night caloric intake, and periods of metabolic switching. However, adherence and long-term safety—especially in certain populations (pregnant people, those with eating disorders, or on certain medications)—require caution. For most adults, a pragmatic approach (consistent eating window, focus on nutrient quality) offers a viable option; pair it with professional monitoring for those with metabolic disease.